The Artillery will have red with yellow trim coats, the dragoons serving as fusiliers will have green/yellow coats. Although an important scenario is 1683, we try to shoot for costumes of 1673. This is the time of the famous battle of Cochim, another great victory against the Turks, and will help ensure that our costume would fit reasonably well if we do a 'Potop' (late 1650s) period impression, as well as 1683.
Drag
oon, 1683, eastern style. Notice the cravat necktie, slightly loose
pants, Polish boots, long coat. Weapons include a pair of pistols, short musket, and
saber. To the right is the closest and best picture I can offer as a model for our
dragoon uniform, except that our color is green, and the passamentrie button pattern on
the breast is 3 sets of pairs (as per a documented 1674 fashion), rather than the even
arrangement shown.
For
footwear, Polish style boots, western jackboots, shorter boots reaching the upper calf,
and shoes combined with simple handmade leather gaiters are acceptable.
Dragoons were commoners, and were organized the same way infantry were. 'Free companies' were often attached to artillery, and in the 1670s a special dragoon 'free company' was raised by Marcin Kantski, General of Artillery, specifically to provide field support to light artillery. Marcin Kantski had been a dragoon officer at various times in his distinguished career.
Dragoon, 1683, western style, detail, by
Angus McBride from Brzezinski, Polish Armies 1562-1696. 
(Pikeman in foreground)
Based on copies of German watercolors made in 1680-1683. The dragoon to the right is from
the 1690s.
Note the jackboots, collar, and the relatively short coat - Western European features. The coat flaps are buttoned back , revealing the yellow lining. The coat is red. This man is from King Sobieski's guard dragoons. Guard dragoons in the Vienna campaign were under the command of the Queen's brother, Louis, Marquis d'Arquien. It is known that in 1646 they wore red coats with yellow linings, although their color in 1683 is not certain.
Below, more dragoons, 2 from 1660s, rest from 1680s.
I have few good pictures of artillerymen to show. 
Their clothing is known to have been of a mix of western and
eastern styles. Most years, Crown artillerymen were in western outfits, but that was not
always true, particularly after 1650, and as a private unit we would not necessarily be
following that practice anyway. Each unit was issued cloth of a uniform color,
although the color and cut was not consistent. According to Brzezinski, crews were issued
zupan-like coats in preparation for the Vienna campaign. Horse Artillery crew would
have been outfitted similarly to the dragoons.
Left,
Artilleryman in 1650s western outfit.
Both dragoons and artillerymen were commoners. The infantry were as well, but officers and most of the cavalry were gentry or szlatchta (the western-style arqubusers and the 'true' cossacks were the main exceptions to this rule.)
At
left an officer over the gun, and at right artillerymen. From
frontpiece of 'Artis magnae artilleriae pars prima" (1650) by Jan Casmir
Siemienowicz.
Right, artillerists from a bas-relief on the tomb of Jan Casmir Siemienowicz in a church
in Paris. Note the Polish-style outfits to the right. (the
bas-relief presents a battle in 1651 - Beresteczk).
1640s-50s Artilleryman, with red sash; Fusiliers (fizylier)
in red and
gray coats (kolet).
Artillery Uniform: In red with yellow trim:
This coat is a kontuz, summer-weight, modeled by deceased
member of the szlatchta (gentry). 
Note the cartridge box, the wheellock pistol key hanging from the
cartridge box (or waistbelt), the riding whip. From mid 1600's, prob. about
1660.
This is the design to be used for the kontuz-like uniform artillery coat, red with yellow trim. This is further detailed in the Patterns page, (except that the arm is NOT slit). The dragoon coat is similar (at least from the front) but has different details.
We'll use this colpak (pron. 'cowpack') hat design, as
well. Seems very typical for our
period.
Breeches: Not uniform; see Patterns page for acceptable variations.
Polish Style Infantry - relevant because both artillerymen and dragoons
are essentially infantry. Axes were almost universal among the infantry, and was a
typical tool for an artillery piece.
Engineer: with Astrolabe.
Engineers and their equipment were typically part of the artillery train.
CAVALRY IMPRESSIONS
A variety of cavalry/nobility impressions can fit within the context of our unit, given the flexibility of our scenario, our educational mission, and the absence of other Commonwealth units that might have other specialties. We recommend that new members interested in a military impression, especially those without cavalry or substantial horsemanship experience, start as artillery crew or dragoon.
Light Cavalry. In 1683 much of the light cavalry was Cossack or
Tatar; this.jpg)
looks to be of the Polish variety. See
also Rembrandt's Polish Rider, on the main page.
Hussar and Pancerni Cavalry. The Panzer -
mail armored medium
cavalry- was the most numerous in Polish service. Lance, pistol, bow, and
saber were
the usual weapons.
To the right is a view of a
padded 'zupan' in red of the sort what would be worn under a Hussar's or Pancerni's armor.
Infantry and Rieter. A very few western style rieters were in Polish service, although they were common in Swedish and Austrian service. We do not recommend a Rieter impression.
Arqbuser: German style cavalry 1650-1690. Because they were armed with carbines,
they were much used as skirmishers, along with dragoons. Left lower, modeled by
Rotmiestrz Rysard Buzenowski. Substitute a 3-bar pot for this helmet, and it could
be a picture of one of Cromwell's Ironsides.
A thousand or so Polish
Arqbusers were involved in the battle of Vienna. To the right, a mounted arqbuser
(from Stålhandske's kavalleriregemente, an affiliated unit).
.jpg)
wybraniec.jpg
Polish infantry. He is wearing what appears to be a kontuz/zupan coat combination, but, as
noted above, clothes worn by commoners were not called "zupan". If you were a
peasant and put on a zupan, presto! - it no longer was a zupan, but a simple, normal
coat - "sukna". The outer coat front is tucked into the belt. Note the collection of pipes in the
hat, the gourd powder flask, thin haversack/blanket roll, lit match, and axe.
This is a suitable foul-weather overcoat for any class - rich or poor
Barka/ Gunya
Weapons
Eastern
recurve bow, standard equipment for most cavalry
; on the right, the bow, of
Turkish type, is unstrung; see the Archery page. Mace (buzdygan, a symbol of rank), hammer (nadjaick
or obuch), Sabre. (from Zamoyski)
The most appropriate saber for dragoons (artillery crew would prob. not carry a
saber, but
might have a short hanger) is 'Type III'. Cavalry or officers might use the
karabella (Type II), type III, or Type I, although type Ia is a hussar style. For a
detailed discussion of sabers,
see my Sabre web site.
Saber scabbards were leather-wrapped wood, with metal fixtures. Hangers were off the belt, itself usually leather, metal, or cloth. Most belts were 1-3 inches wide, rarely as wide a 3 inches. See Accessories
Western style weapons such as hangers, rapiers and
smallswords may fit depending on period.
Firearms for artillery and dragoons include
wheellocke, doglock, and
snaphaunce pistols and carbines. The flintlock was invented in
mid-century, and found much more rapid acceptance in the east than in the west.
Generally, flintlocks of an earlier design are acceptable- even up to French & Indian
war period for the end of our period (relief of Vienna). Shorter matchlock muskets are OK
for dragoons, especially before the 1670s.
I believe that a lot of dragoons would have had matchlocks
even in 1683 (remember that they were truly 'mounted infantry', not the hybrid light
cavalry that they were becoming in western armies). However, it is unlikely that
these would have been assigned to artillery duty (barrels of powder and lit match, bad
combination). Even in the 1500s, when wheellock guns were rare and extremely
expensive, they were used by the artillery guards and crew. This is likely a point
we will have to overlook, since we have access to more matchlocks than wheellocks. 
To the left is an illustration of a pistol or small carbine
cartridge case from a contemporary illustration. It seems to be slightly curved to
the inside, so as to fit the body better. I suspect it was made out of wood with
holes for the cartridges drilled out, but may have been made of tin. Either way, it
was covered with
leather, prob. medium weight. It has
small gussets (prob. of a thinner leather) on the side of the cover, to keep out
rain. It's strap goes over the head or shoulder. A small one like this would
have 9-14 cartridges in two rows, or 11 as shown. The cartridge was made of paper.
Usually they included a bullet (ball), although at this time sometimes the balls were kept
loose in a separate pouch.
Cases could be very fancy, with facings of chased silver plates, sometimes set with jewels. This would be appropriate for a moderately wealthy noble.
An extremely wide range of armor applies to Polish armies. At a time when mail was unused in the west, mail remained popular with the cavalry.
Mail tended to be made of bigger rings than western mail, and allowed the color of the zupan to show through. So, buy the cheaper 8mm rings, not the expensive 6mm ring armor!
The plate armor of the hussars tended to be made up in segments, and used
a lot of brass fitting and trimmings. The reproduction armor to the left is owned by our
group.
At right, a quite typical panzer medium cavalry mail suit. Panzer cavalry was the most numerous type in Polish service throughout the XVII century. Note the figwood target.
The famous wings were also used by Tatars and some light cavalry, who usually attached the wings to the saddles (see picture below, under Horse Tack).
Peasant, Townsman and Female Costume (and other military outfits) Are Illustrated in the General Costume Page
Horse Tack is illustrated in the General Costume Page
Camp
to the right is a layout of a Polish 17th C. hussar banner's
camp, at upper part is the rotmistrz and lieutenant, with their several wagons, large
tent, and space for their many retainers, below are the other comrades, some with several
retainers, some with only 2. Note especially that horses are kept with their riders,
in tent stables, rather than away from the camp on a line, as in western practice.
Below is a sub-camp for a wealthy comrade with about 3-5 retainers and 6 or so servants -
stables for 8 good horses, and several other riding and draft horses would be elsewhere.
The
Turks had similar camps, keeping
horses with the riders.
Go to Patterns
Costume details and Domestic items,
e.g. buttons, belts, mugs, chairs
Article: Polish Costume in the 17th C.
More Russian Costumes http://www.strangelove.net/~kieser/Russia/